SPC vinyl flooring: what is it and why is this material gaining popularity?

SPC vinyl flooring is a type of vinyl covering that features a rigid composite core. This construction provides it with, among other things, good dimensional stability and a firm surface, while allowing for the reproduction of a wide variety of designs such as wood or stone.

If you have been shopping for vinyl flooring recently, you have likely come across the letters SPC. LVT, WPC, SPC, rigid vinyl… with all these terms, it is not always easy to understand what really distinguishes one product from another. SPC is part of the large family of vinyl coverings, but its specific construction differentiates it from more flexible vinyls.

Let’s look at what lies behind these three letters and why SPC vinyl flooring is so prevalent in residential projects today.

What is SPC vinyl flooring?

SPC refers to vinyl flooring featuring a rigid mineral and polymer-based composite core. Unlike more flexible vinyl, its structure is firm and stable. SPC is generally offered in the form of planks or tiles equipped with a click system for floating installation.

The term SPC is generally associated with Stone Plastic Composite or Stone Polymer Composite, depending on the terminology used by manufacturers. In both cases, the important element to remember is primarily the presence of the rigid core. It is this central part that gives the product a large part of its rigidity and stability.

The top of the floor can then reproduce different materials. Imitations of oak, maple, or walnut are particularly popular, but some products also reproduce the appearance of stone or ceramic.

What is SPC flooring composed of?

The exact construction varies from one collection and manufacturer to another. A typical SPC floor, however, includes several layers, each with a specific function.

Generally, we find:

- a transparent wear layer, which protects the surface against daily wear;

- a decorative film, which creates the appearance of wood, stone, or another material;

- a rigid SPC core, which constitutes the main structure of the plank;

- an underlayment, integrated into some products to contribute, in particular, to comfort and acoustic properties.

Depending on the product, other layers or surface treatments may also be present.

It is therefore important not to evaluate a floor just because the label says "SPC". Two SPC floors can have very different technical characteristics.

What is the difference between SPC, WPC, and LVT?

SPC is mainly distinguished by its rigid core with a high mineral component, composed of limestone powder and PVC. WPC (Wood Plastic Composite) has a rigid core based on vinyl polymer mixed with wood powder or fibers and a foaming agent. It offers a more cushioned effect. LVT (Luxury Vinyl Tile) is a broader term associated with traditional luxury vinyl tiles and planks without a rigid core. It is thin, flexible, and is often installed by gluing.

Here is a simplified comparison:

Therefore, one should not necessarily try to determine which is "better".

A WPC product may be relevant when looking for certain comfort characteristics, while the rigidity and stability of an SPC can be particularly interesting in other projects.

The important thing is to compare the products themselves, and not just their category.

Why is SPC flooring gaining popularity?

Several characteristics explain the growing presence of SPC in homes.

A rigid construction

Its core gives the plank a firm structure that contributes to its stability.

However, this rigidity does not mean that SPC can be installed on any surface without preparation. The subfloor must always meet the manufacturer's requirements for flatness and preparation.

Increasingly realistic wood imitations

Printing and texturing technologies now allow for the highly realistic reproduction of wood grain, knots, and color variations.

Wide planks, matte finishes, and detailed textures also contribute to giving wood-look vinyl flooring a more natural appearance.

Relatively simple maintenance

Daily maintenance of vinyl flooring is generally quite simple. Regular vacuuming and cleaning using a method compatible with the manufacturer's recommendations are sufficient in most situations.

Great versatility

Depending on the product chosen, SPC can be suitable for different rooms in the house, allowing for visual continuity from one space to another.

Is SPC vinyl really 100% waterproof?

Many SPC floors have a core that does not swell upon contact with water and are marketed as waterproof. However, a distinction must be made between the material's water resistance and that of the complete installation: water can still reach the subfloor through perimeter joints or other openings.

This distinction is important.

Therefore, water damage does not become inconsequential simply because a floor has an SPC core.

For a kitchen, basement, or any other room where moisture is a concern, you must check the specifications and warranty of the selected product, as well as the requirements concerning the subfloor.

Is SPC more durable than WPC?

Not necessarily. The fact that a floor is SPC or WPC is not enough to determine its durability. Manufacturing quality, wear layer, locking system, intended use, maintenance, and the quality of installation all influence its lifespan.

The wear layer is a particularly interesting feature to compare when the floor will be installed in a high-traffic area. You should also verify if the product is designed for residential or commercial use and consult its warranty terms.

In other words, a good SPC is chosen based on much more than just its core.

In which rooms can an SPC floor be installed?

Depending on the product specifications, SPC vinyl flooring can be considered for several areas of the home:

• - living room;
• - dining room;
• - kitchen;
• - bedroom;
• - hallway;
• - entryway;
• - basement.

However, conditions vary from one collection to another.

An installation on a concrete slab, for example, may require specific checks related to moisture and substrate preparation. Manufacturer recommendations must therefore always take priority.

How to choose good SPC vinyl flooring?

Appearance is important, but it should not be the only criterion.

When comparing different SPC floors, look at the thickness and characteristics of the wear layer, the total plank thickness, the quality of the locking system, the presence or absence of an integrated underlay, the warranty, and usage recommendations.

Aesthetically, pay attention to the texture, finish, and variation between planks. Good diversity in the printed decor can help create a more natural result once the floor is installed over a large area.

Finally, the installation method must be compatible with your project. If the differences between the systems still seem unclear, also consult our guide Click, glue-down, or floating vinyl: which method to choose?

SPC: an option to discover for your project

The success of SPC does not rely on a single feature. Its rigid core, stability, diverse decors, and versatility partly explain why it occupies a significant place in the world of vinyl flooring today.

But the letters SPC only tell part of the story.

To find the right floor, you must consider its complete construction, technical characteristics, the location where it will be installed, and, of course, the desired style.

Discover our selection of vinyl floors or come see us at Plancher 2000 in Laval or Longueuil. Our team will be able to show you the different constructions offered and help you choose a product suited to your project.